Carbon Steel-C20

C45 unalloyed quality steel for tempering. It is a very versatile grade of steel, used in many industries. C45 steel is characterized by abrasion resistance and good wear resistance, making it ideal for the production of parts that require high strength and suitable for the production of parts that are exposed to heavy use and friction. It is used for parts that are subjected to medium loads during operation. It is a material with good machinability, making it easy to machine, which allows for precise shaping and finishing of parts. Economically, it is a material readily available on the market and relatively inexpensive compared to other steel grades with similar properties. It is among the steel grades that are difficult to weld.

Forging C45 Steel

Forging refers to the process which shapes a metal using compressive force. It is impossible to forge C45 steel under 850°С, so it is essential to heat your steel to between 1100°С to 1200°С. Pre-heating is necessary between 750°С and 800°С and once you have finished forging, cool down with air or in a furnace.
Annealing C45 Steel
In metallurgic terms, annealing is a heat treatment that changes a material’s physical properties. For example, this can make your steel easier to work with and reduce its hardness. For carbon steel, you must heat it to between 680°С-710°С ensuring it is soaked well. Once your steel reaches this temperature, allow it to cool slowly in a furnace to reduce internal stress. This process will strengthen the steel.

Hardening C45 Steel

A metalworking process to harden steel is called hardening. For example, to harden C45, you must heat it slowly to between 820°С-860°С and quench it in oil or water afterwards.
Quenching is a term used to describe the rapid cooling of a metal piece in oil, water, air or another liquid to achieve a specific material property.

Tempering C45 Steel

Tempering can increase the toughness of a particular metal, and it is used more commonly for alloy-based metals. This process will heat the metal to a critical temperature and air-cool.
Temper this medium carbon steel directly after quenching when your equipment is still warm. Then, re-heat your C45 steel to between 550°С-660°С and soak for one hour per 25mm thickness.